COP20: What was achieved with the draft signed in Lima?
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Before 2 a.m., COP20- CMP10 successfully closed and managed to sign a decision and a Lima document that gives strength to the process on its way to Paris.
“Thank you for your confidence in the presidency, for your trust in Peru, this success is yours because it is you who have achieved it, and it is you and the world who will benefit from these advances that bring us ever closer to a global agreement next year. The Lima document is more than a step towards Paris 2015, it is a clear example that if we work together we can find the balance and move closer to that common goal that accelerates climate action. The spirit of Lima is projected for the world and is a source of inspiration and confidence for the future. All this means the ‘Lima Call for Climate Action’,” said the Minister of Environment and COP20 President, Manuel Pulgar Vidal.
DOWNLOAD THE COP20 FINAL DRAFT HERE
Hours earlier, the COP President had met with each of the groups of countries to try to bridge the gap between positions. In addition, two documents were released that would reveal some common ground on education and public participation (which talks about access to information and the need for education and public participation to promote sustainable development) and on financing mechanisms for the Green Climate Fund.
Just before the start of the plenary session, a group of people gathered at the entrance of the conference room to express their support for the request of the countries most affected by climate change to include concepts of mitigation and loss and damage, under the cry “No justice, no deal”.
DRAFTS, PROPOSALS AND A LONG DAY
After an intense day that began in the early hours of Saturday morning with the delivery to the Parties of a first draft text, a process of consultations was carried out with all the negotiating blocs to gather their suggestions and present a new text. This document was delivered at 12 midnight and, after an hour of review by the countries, the decision containing the draft agreement called “Lima Call for Climate Action” was approved by acclamation, to be worked on in the different negotiating spaces and signed at COP21 in Paris.
“Lima's decision is solid not only because it fulfilled the mandates established by COP19 in Warsaw, but also because it approved in Lima the draft that contains the elements for negotiation, something that had never happened before. At the same time, it strengthened the adaptation in the national contributions -which are the programs that the countries must present next year- and also the financing mechanisms, both in the approved document and in other decisions”, highlighted Minister Pulgar Vidal.
These are the achievements of COP20:
The Green Fund, for example, whose pre-COP20 target was to reach US$$10 billion, reached US$$10.2 billion during COP20.
On the subject of “Loss and Damage” - a mechanism created in 2013 for situations in which the impacts of climate change are so great that they exceed the capacity of populations to cope with them - the initial two-year work plan and the composition of the Executive Committee have been approved.
With respect to adaptation issues, progress was made in strengthening the National Adaptation Plans (NAP) that each country should have so that all actions carried out in their different sectors respond to a country planning and thus articulate their work. The progress made will enable the least developed and developing countries to access financing for the development of their NAPs and for the implementation of the activities identified in them.
Another of the advances highlighted during the first week is the development of the Lima Work Plan on gender. This decision seeks to promote the effective participation of women in the areas of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and to strengthen the work of empowering women and turning them into important agents of change in relation to adaptation and mitigation. This breakthrough can be described as historic, as it is the first time that a decision urging the parties to develop and implement gender-sensitive policies will be adopted in the framework of a COP.
During the first week, important progress was made in the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) programs with the first meeting of the focal points, a central element for subsequent processes to strengthen this instrument. In addition, at this COP20, a group of 4 countries presented their reference levels or baselines with respect to deforestation. This step is fundamental to move forward with the implementation of the REDD+ mechanism. At the same time, for the first time, the Multilateral Assessment was carried out, i.e. the information presented by 17 developed countries (including the European Union and the United States), on the levels of progress in reducing emissions, the trend of their Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from 1990 to 2012, projections and targets for the entire economy.
In addition to REDD+, the Lima Information Hub has been launched, a data repository that gathers the results obtained, the National Plans or Strategies, the summaries of the safeguard information systems and the reference levels. This will allow for greater transparency in the payment for results process. The issue of adaptation is particularly important, taking into account that it is established that the 50% of the Green Climate Fund will be allocated to adaptation actions.
In addition, as part of the ministerial segment, a Declaration on education and dissemination was drafted to ensure that all Parties pay appropriate attention to participation and access to information.
At this COP, a high-level segment generating dialogue between state and non-state actors was launched for the first time called “Lima Climate Action Day”, at the end of which the NAZCA portal (Non State Actor Zone into Climate Actions) a climate action portal to capture and catalyze action in support of the 2015 agreement was launched, which helps to also showcase individual and corporate initiatives from around the world.
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